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KMID : 0903619840250030241
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1984 Volume.25 No. 3 p.241 ~ p.249
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Characteristics of Fruit According to the Developmental Periods , Embryo Germination , and in vitro Propagation of Seedling of Zizyphus jujuba M.
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Abstract
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This study was performed to investigate developmental processes of fruit, seed and embryo which are closely associated with application of reasonable growing techniques to Chinese jujube culture, to investigate percentage of fruits with normal embryo and seed in addition to conduction of periodical embryo germination to find partial causes of low germination percentage and process of embryo dormancy, and to examine possibility of alternative propagation method; in vitro propagation of seedling. The results were as follow.
1. The time of full bloom, pit hardening and harvest was about June 12, 40∼50 days and 110∼120 days after full bloom in order. The period before pit hardening was characterised by rapid growth of seed and fruit, and emergence and growth of endosperm. Pit hardening period was characterised by temporary suspension of fruit growth, and full size of seed and endosperm. The period after pit hardening was characterised by slow growth of fruit, growth and maturity of embryo, and deterioration of endosperm.
2. Percentage of fruits with seed and normal embryo was about 20% and 17% respectively. Abnormal seeds occured during seed development, the degree of their appearance having a tendency to be increased by storage. On the other hand, many of large fruits tended to contain seed.
3. Embryos at 3 months after full bloom could be germinated, but shoot was not emerged, while normal seedlings were raised from embryos obtained at harvest and showed good growth state. And percentage of embryo germination didn´t be increased by storage at low(4℃) and room temp. (25±3℃). This suggests that Chinese jujube embryo may not have dormancy or if any, very shallow.
4. For in vitro propagation, embryos at freshly harvest were aseptically incubated and cultured on M.S. medium supplemented with IAA (1.0ppm)+BA(1.0ppm) to obtain seedlings. Nodal segments (about 0.7∼0.8㎝ in length) excised from seedlings were inoculated and cultured on M.S. medium supplemented with IAA(1.0ppm)+BA(1.0ppm). Cultured shoots were rooted in M.S. medium containing IBA(1.0ppm) or NAA(0.2ppm) for root initiation and growth.
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